Mundzir, Chaerul, and Muhammad Arif. “The Historical Development of Hajj: From Pre-Islamic Rituals to a Global Islamic Institution”. Al-Manasik: Journal of Hajj and Umrah Research, vol. 1, no. 1, Sept. 2025, pp. 41-53, https://journal-amphuri.org/index.php/Al-Manasik/article/view/5.