From Tradition to Innovation: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Metaverse for Hajj Manasik Training
Keywords:
Metaverse, Haji, Manasik, Teknologi Immersif, Pedagogi ReligiousAbstract
The Hajj pilgrimage is one of the pillars of Islam that requires spiritual readiness, ritual knowledge, and practical skills. Traditional Hajj rituals training is generally conducted face-to-face, but faces limitations in terms of cost, space, and number of participants. Digital innovations through Virtual Reality (VR) and the metaverse have begun to be introduced, one of which is through the phenomenon of "Virtual Hajj" which went viral. However, academic studies discussing the effectiveness, potential, and challenges of using the metaverse in Hajj education are still rare. This study uses a literature review approach by examining scientific articles, proceedings, research reports, and secondary sources related to the implementation of immersive technology, particularly virtual reality and the metaverse, in religious education and worship simulation. The analysis was conducted by identifying patterns of previous findings, research gaps, and the relevance of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) concept and digital religious pedagogy theory in the context of Hajj rituals. The results of the study show that the metaverse has the potential to provide a more immersive learning experience, improve the procedural understanding of pilgrims, and expand global access for prospective pilgrims. However, there are important issues related to the authenticity of religious experiences, technological infrastructure limitations, and ethical and theological debates regarding the legitimacy of virtual world-based worship practices. This study contributes to developing a conceptual perspective on digital transformation in Islamic education, while highlighting the need for future empirical studies to measure the practical effectiveness of the metaverse in Hajj ritual training.
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